London vs Toronto

Population density shows how cramped or spread out inhabitants are. Cities or countries with high population densities can be considered overpopulated, which can be a problem if the infrastructure is underdeveloped. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

Populous cities or countries usually offer better employment opportunities because of their large economies. Big cities attract companies and business investment, and are usually important cultural centers and research hubs. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

Cities or countries with younger population have usually better development perspectives. Young societies are more dynamic and creative. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

The percentage of female residents, according to the city's official statistics. Source: Wikipedia, 2021; UNData, 2021.

The percentage of male residents, according to the city's official statistics. Source: Wikipedia, 2021; UNData, 2021.

More people from abroad residing in the city provides a multicultural environment and may show how attractive it is for foreigners.

Low unemployment rate indicates better career opportunities and economic growth. Source: Wikipedia, 2021; city's official stats, 2021.

The average price of a single-bedroom apartment located in the city center shows how much of your salary would be allocated in rent expenses, and is an indicator of the cost of living of the city. Source: numbeo.com, 2021.

Source: Wikipedia, 2021; city's official stats, 2021.

Public health care is more affordable for an average citizen and usually guaranteed for everyone. Source: city's official website, 2021.

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reflects the value and productivity of an economy. It measures the market value of all the final goods and services produced annually. To reflect the differences in the cost of living and inflation rates, we show the GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP). Sources: Wikipedia, CIA World Factbook, 2021.

The Gini coefficient is a measure of dispersion, in this case used to show the variation in income. A Gini coefficient of zero expresses perfect equality. A Gini coefficient of one expresses maximal inequality. Lower income inequalities indicate a more equal distribution of wealth and better opportunities for the average citizen. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

Source: Wikipedia, 2021; WMO, 2021.

Source: Wikipedia, 2021; WMO, 2021.

Source: Wikipedia, 2021; city's official website, 2021.

Source: Wikipedia, 2021; city's official website, 2021.

There are mountains at a distance of maximum 100 kilometers (62 miles) from the city. Mountains are considered to have an elevation of at least 1,000 m (3,300 ft). Source: Wikipedia, 2021; city's official website, 2021.

Source: Wikipedia, 2021; WMO, 2021.

With more large sports facilities (20,000+ seats), a city is able to organize more important sporting events. Source: worldstadiums.com, 2021.

It indicates that the city is an important religious center. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

Having a well-known soccer team playing in a country's first division demonstrates the city's interest in sports and attracts visitors to matches.

Source: Wikipedia, 2021

Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

Christopher Street Day is an annual European LGBT celebration and demonstration held in various cities across Europe for the rights of LGBT people, and against discrimination and exclusion. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

Cost of the monthly public transport ticket indicates affordability of public transportation for an average inhabitant. Source: Wikipedia, 2021; city's public transport website, 2021.

A bike-sharing system makes a city more eco-friendly, shows the city’s pro cycling attitude, and provides new touristic opportunities. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

A cheaper single ticket will allow you to move through the city for less money. Whether you are a visitor or a resident, it will help your economy. Source: Official city's public transport website, 2021.

The presence and number of airports shows how good is connection of city with different international destinations and its international accessibility. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

The subway rate or number of kilometers of subway per number of inhabitants indicates how well developed the subway network is. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

The Commuter Pain Index is comprised of 10 issues: 1) commuting time, 2) time stuck in traffic, agreement that: 3) price of gas is already too high, 4) traffic has gotten worse, 5) start-­‐stop traffic is a problem, 6) driving causes stress, 7) driving causes anger, 8) traffic affects work, 9) traffic so bad driving stopped, and 10) decided not to make trip due to traffic. Source: IBM, 2021.

In general, cities with possibility of drinking alcohol in public places have more thriving nightlife. It's easier to organize parties in public places. Source: Wikipedia, 2021; city's official website, 2021.

Number of billionaires can indicate if the city has significant agglomerations of personal wealth. Source: Forbes, 2021.

The Global Cities Index is unique in that it measures global engagement of cities across five dimensions: business activity, human capital, information exchange, cultural experience and political engagement. Source: ATKearney, 2021.

It can be nice to live in big cities or countries, as a larger space may offer more options for residents and visitors.

Cities with stock exchanges are usually important financial centers influencing international or national’s financial markets. Source: Wikipedia, 2021.

A think tank (or policy institute) is an organization that conducts research and engages in advocacy in areas such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology issues and in the creative and cultural field. The number of important think tanks can indicate innovativeness and competitiveness of a city. Source: Brookings, 2021.